is the xenomorph we see at the end of prometheus just the first kind of xenomorph, which then eventually evolves into the one we know from the original films, or is it a completely new species with the pointed head pink gums?
I believe the xenomorphs change or "morph" to retain attributes and characteristics from the host they are born from as well as adapt to the environment they are born into.
Therefore, I would have to agree with xenotron that they are all different depending on host and environment.
I think it would be an entirely different implementation of the xeno line. The new one from Prometheus is nearly reversed from the one in Alien. The new xeno was spawned from a human then gestated in a Engineer.
The previous xeno's were spawned from engineer DNA and then burst out of humans. I would imagine at full size the new one would be massive based on the host engineer but maybe not quite as bright since Shaw(a human) was used to start the lineage.
It would be interesting to see how the two versions of xenos would view each other. Friend or foe?